Dav Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes- Here, we will share Dav Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes. If you are searching for Class 6 Dav Science Chapter 2 Food Notes, then you are at the right place. queryexpress provides the best solutions to Dav Class 6 Science, the living world Notes.
Dav Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes
| SL.NO | TOPIC |
| 1 | Our Environment |
| 2 | Food |
| 3 | Nature of matter |
| 4 | Separation of Substance |
| 5 | Changes around us |
| 6 | Measurement and Motion |
| 7 | The world of living |
| 8 | Structure and Function of the Living Organism-Plants |
| 9 | Structure and Function of the Living Organism-Animals |
| 10 | Work and Energy |
| 11 | Electric currents and Circuits |
| 12 | Light and Shadows |
| 13 | Magnents |
| 14 | Electric Currents and Circuits |
Dav Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes
FOOD
Introduction
We know that all living organisms need food to grow and survive. Food provides the energy to living beings that help them to do work. Food protects us from different diseases and keeps us fit and healthy. Food is the main source that sustains and nourishes life.
Green plants make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. Animals and human beings are dependent on plants for their food.
Food
- All living organisms need food to grow and survive.
- Food provides energy to do work.
- It protects us from different diseases and keeps us fit and healthy.
- Food sustains and nourishes life.
- Green plants make their own food by photosynthesis.
- Animals and humans depend on plants for their food.
Dav Public School Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes- Food
Sources of Food
Living beings get food from plants and animals.
Food from Plants
- Plants prepare food using sunlight and store it in different parts.
- Cereal grains (wheat, rice, maize, jowar, bajra) – important sources of energy.
- Pulses (moong, channa, urad, rajma, arhar, masoor, soyabean) – important sources of proteins.
- Fruits (mango, apple, banana, orange, watermelon, melon) – provide nutrients.
- Vegetables (spinach, mustard, fenugreek, radish, lady finger, carrot, brinjal, potato) – obtained from plants.
- Oils (mustard, sesame, sunflower, groundnut, coconut) – sources of fats.
- Spices (cumin, turmeric, black pepper, cardamom, chilli, ajwain, clove) – give flavour and taste.
Food from Animals
- Milk – It is a complete food, given by milch animals (cow, buffalo, goat, camel).
- Eggs – obtained from poultry birds (hen, duck, fowl), rich in protein and vitamins.
- Meat – obtained from goat, sheep, pig, chicken, fish, prawns, crabs, shrimps; rich in proteins.
- Honey – made by honeybees from nectar of flowers; used in food and medicines.
Dav Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Food Notes
Components of Food (Nutrients)
Food contains important components called nutrients:
- Carbohydrates – energy-giving foods
- Proteins – bodybuilding foods
- Fats – energy-giving foods
- Vitamins – protective foods
- Minerals – protective foods
- Roughage (dietary fibres)
- Water
1. Carbohydrates
- Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Present as sugar and starch.
- Main source of energy.
- Sources: fruits (mango, banana, litchi, melon), cereals (wheat, rice, maize), potato, sweet potato.
Tests:
- Sugar: Benedict’s solution test → orange colour.
- Starch: Iodine solution → blue-black colour.
2. Proteins
- Made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus.
- Needed for growth and repair of tissues.
Test:
- Nitric acid test → yellow colour.
Sources: pulses, beans, milk, fish, eggs, meat, soyabean (richest source).
3. Fats
- Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (less oxygen than carbohydrates).
- Provide more than double the energy compared to carbohydrates.
- Help in absorption of Vitamins A and D.
Sources:
- Plant: mustard oil, coconut oil, groundnut oil, nuts.
- Animal: milk, butter, ghee, meat, eggs, fish.
Test:
- Oil spot on paper → translucent mark.
4. Vitamins
- Needed in small quantities.
- Do not give energy, but help with body functions.
- Two types:
- Fat-soluble: A, D, E, K
- Water-soluble: B, C
Dav Class 6 The Living World Science Chapter 2 Notes
Functions and Deficiency Diseases:
| Vitamin | Sources | Functions | Deficiency |
| A | Cod liver oil, milk, butter, yellow fruits/veg | Healthy eyes & skin | Night blindness |
| B | Wheat, rice, yeast, liver, milk, leafy veg | Energy & strong muscles | Beri-Beri |
| C | Orange, lemon, guava, amla, chillies | Healthy gums & teeth | Scurvy |
| D | Milk, eggs, fish oil, sunlight | Strong bones & teeth | Rickets |
| E | Vegetable oil, liver, tomato | Reproductive system | Sterility |
| K | Green leafy vegetables | Blood clotting | Excessive bleeding |
5. Minerals
- Needed in small amounts for growth and maintenance.
Examples:
| Mineral | Sources | Functions/Deficiency |
| Calcium | Milk, leafy veg | Strong bones & teeth. Deficiency → weak bones, tooth decay |
| Phosphorus | Milk, pulses, cereals, meat | Seafood, iodised salt |
| Iron | Green veg, nuts, jaggery | Formation of haemoglobin. Deficiency → Anaemia |
| Iodine | Sea food, iodised salt | Thyroid function. Deficiency → Goitre |
6. Water
- Forms 70% of body weight.
- Functions:
- Medium for reactions.
- Removes waste (urine).
- Helps blood circulation.
- Maintains body temperature (sweating).
7. Roughage
- Indigestible fibre (cellulose).
- Sources: fruits, green vegetables, and whole grains.
- Function: Helps bowel movement, prevents constipation.
Deficiency Diseases
- Calcium deficiency → weak bones, tooth decay, cramps.
- Phosphorus deficiency → weak nerves, bones, teeth.
- Iron deficiency → Anaemia (pale, weak, fatigue).
- Iodine deficiency → Goitre (swelling of the neck).
- Vitamin C deficiency → Scurvy.
- Vitamin D deficiency → Rickets (bow legs, pigeon chest).
What Should We Eat?
- A balanced diet contains all nutrients in the correct proportion.
- A balanced diet can be vegetarian or non-vegetarian.
- Avoid junk food, oily and spicy food.
- Eat fresh, simple meals for nourishment.
Poor Health Factors
- Malnutrition (PEM/PCM): Lack of proteins and calories.
- Kwashiorkor: Lack of proteins, swelling of face/feet, diarrhoea, hair discolouration.
- Marasmus: Lack of proteins, carbs & fats, the child becomes very thin.
- Obesity: Excess food, less exercise, leads to fat storage and health issues.
Keywords
- Balanced diet – a diet with all nutrients in the right proportion.
- Beri-beri – caused by Vitamin B deficiency.
- Goitre – caused by iodine deficiency.
- Scurvy – caused by Vitamin C deficiency.
- Rickets – caused by Vitamin D deficiency.
- Roughage – indigestible fibrous matter.
- PEM/PCM – Protein-Energy/Calorie Malnutrition.
The living world, Class 6, Science, Chapter 2 Notes
Give Reason Type Questions and Answers
- Question: Food is necessary for living organisms. Give a reason.
Answer: Food provides energy to do work, helps in growth, repairs body tissues, protects us from diseases and keeps us healthy. - Question: Green plants are called producers of food. Give a reason.
Answer: Green plants prepare their own food by the process of photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. Therefore, they are called producers. - Question: Milk is called a complete food. Give a reason.
Answer: Milk contains almost all nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in proper proportion. Hence, it is called a complete food. - Question: Vitamins are called protective foods. Give a reason.
Answer: Vitamins protect our body from diseases and help in maintaining proper health. That is why they are called protective foods. - Question: Deficiency of Vitamin A causes night blindness. Give a reason.
Answer: Vitamin A is essential for healthy eyes. Its deficiency weakens the eyesight, especially at night, causing a disease called night blindness. - Question: Deficiency of Vitamin D causes rickets. Give a reason.
Answer: Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are necessary for strong bones. Its deficiency causes weak and deformed bones, leading to rickets. - Question: Deficiency of iron leads to anaemia. Give a reason.
Answer: Iron is necessary for the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells. Lack of iron reduces haemoglobin and oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, leading to anaemia. - Question: Deficiency of iodine leads to goitre. Give a reason.
Answer: Iodine is needed for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. Its deficiency causes swelling in the neck region, called goitre. - Question: Roughage is important for our body even though it has no nutritive value. Give a reason.
Answer: Roughage helps in bowel movement, prevents constipation and removes undigested food from our body. - Question: Children from poor families often suffer from Kwashiorkor and Marasmus. Give a reason.
Answer: Poor children do not get enough proteins, carbohydrates and fats in their diet. Deficiency of proteins causes Kwashiorkor, while deficiency of proteins, carbohydrates and fats together causes Marasmus. - Question: Eating too much oily and fried food is harmful. Give a reason.
Answer: Oily and fried food adds extra fat and calories to the body, which can cause obesity and other health problems. - Question: Drinking water is essential for our bodies. Give a reason.
Answer: Water forms 70% of our body weight. It helps in digestion, blood circulation, removal of wastes, transport of nutrients and maintaining body temperature.
Dav class 6 chapter 2 Food Assertion and Reason Notes
Assertion and Reason Questions (Chapter 2: Food)
Q.1
Assertion (A): Milk is called a complete food.
Reason (R): Milk contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in proper proportion.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.2
Assertion (A): Vitamin A deficiency causes rickets.
Reason (R): Vitamin A keeps eyes and skin healthy.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: (d) A is false, but R is true. (Rickets is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D, not Vitamin A.)
Q.3
Assertion (A): Roughage has no nutritive value but is still important in the diet.
Reason (R): Roughage helps in bowel movement and prevents constipation.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.4
Assertion (A): Deficiency of iron causes anaemia.
Reason (R): Iron is required for the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.5
Assertion (A): Children suffering from Kwashiorkor have swollen feet and face.
Reason (R): Due to deficiency of proteins, water gets accumulated in different body parts causing swelling.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.6
Assertion (A): Vitamins are energy-giving foods.
Reason (R): Vitamins protect our body against diseases.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: (d) A is false, but R is true. (Vitamins are protective foods, not energy-giving.)
Q.7
Assertion (A): Iodised salt should be used in the diet.
Reason (R): Iodine prevents goitre and helps in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Dav class 6 Science The living world Chapter 2 Notes
- Balanced diet – a diet that contains all the nutrients in the right proportion.
- Beri-beri is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin B.
- A carbohydrate component of food that provides energy to the body.
- Fat is– major source of energy in the diet.
- Goitre is an iodine deficiency disease.
- Mineral nutrients are needed in small amounts for the growth and maintenance of the body.
- Nutrient components in food that we need to grow and survive.
- Proteins are nutrients needed for the growth and repair of damaged tissues.
- PCM -Protein-Calorie-Malnutrition.
- PEM – Protein-Energy-Malnutrition.
- Rickets- a disease caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D.
- roughage, fibrous matter in food which does not get digested.
- Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C.
- Vitamins are vital nutrients required in limited amounts.
- Living organisms need food to grow and survive.
- The sources of our food are plants and animals.
- Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, water and roughage are the important components of our food.
- Carbohydrates and fats mainly provide energy to our bodies.
- Proteins and minerals are needed for the growth and maintenance of our bodies.
- Vitamins help in protecting our bodies against diseases.
- Deficiency of vitamins and minerals in our diet may result in deficiency diseases.
- A diet which contains all the essential components of food, in the right proportions, is called a balanced diet.
- The lack of some of the essential nutrients in the diet is known as malnutrition.
- Eating more than the requirement of one’s body can make a person obese.
Download the Dav class 6 Science book